How can I build a tar from stdin?

问题:

How can I pipe information into tar specifying the names of the file?

回答1:

Something like:

tar cfz foo.tgz -T - 

But keep in mind that this won't work for all possible filenames; you should consider the --null option and feed tar from find -print0. (The xargs example won't quite work for large file lists because it will spawn multiple tar commands.)

回答2:

As already pointed out by geekosaur, there is no need to pipe the output of find to xargs because it is possible to pipe the output of find directly to tar using find ... -print0 | tar --null ....

Note the slight differences between gnutar and bsdtar in excluding the archive file though.

# exclude file.tar.gz anywhere in the directory tree to be tar'ed and compressed find . -print0 | gnutar --null --exclude="file.tar.gz" --no-recursion -czf file.tar.gz --files-from - find . -print0 | bsdtar --null --exclude="file.tar.gz" -n -czf file.tar.gz -T -  # bsdtar excludes ./file.tar.gz in current directory by default # further file.tar.gz files in subdirectories will get included though # bsdtar: ./file.tar.gz: Can't add archive to itself find . -print0 | bsdtar --null -n -czf file.tar.gz -T -  # gnutar does not exclude ./file.tar.gz in current directory by default find . -print0 | gnutar --null --no-recursion -czf file.tar.gz --files-from - 

回答3:

Extending geekosaur answer:

find /directory | tar -cf archive.tar -T - 

You can use stdin with the -T option.

Note that if you filter files using some condition (e.g. -name option) in general you need to exclude directories in the pipe, otherwise tar will process all their content, that is not what you want. So, use:

find /directory -type f -name "mypattern" | tar -cf archive.tar -T - 

If you don't use -type, all the content of directories matching "mypattern" will be added !

回答4:

Instead of using pipe you could use backticks, e.g.:

tar cvzf archive.tgz `ls -1 *` 

Instead of ls -1 * you can put any other command which produces list of needed to archive files

回答5:

find /directory > filename tar -T filename -cf archive.tar 

回答6:

For better compression, using bzip2 might be helpful.

find $PWD -name "*.doc" > doc.filelist tar -cvjf jumbo.tar.bz2 -T doc.filelist 

文章来源: How can I build a tar from stdin?