官方：
- download: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
- mysql参考文档：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/
环境：
- macOS Mojave 10.14.2
用户：
- 管理员用户，期间没有新建mysql用户或组
安装包：
- mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64.tar.gz
1.解压
下载的tar.gz解压后，并移动到/usr/local/mysql，目录结构如下：
$ pwd /usr/local $ tree mysql -L 1 mysql ├―― LICENSE ├―― LICENSE.router ├―― README ├―― README.router ├―― bin ├―― data ├―― docs ├―― include ├―― lib ├―― man ├―― run ├―― share └―― support-files
实际上是按照Unix目录结构的规范，建议这么做。
本人实际操作过程中，只是通过sudo ln -s ${MYSQL_HOME} /usr/local/mysql，创建了一个软链接。
解压命令：tar -xzvf ${filename}
2.修改权限：sudo chown -R usr:group /usr/local/mysql
3.初始化
$ cd /usr/local/mysql $ bin/mysqld --initialize --user=ephemerid --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 2019-01-20T05:50:19.601053Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /Workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server in progress as process 1045 2019-01-20T05:50:19.603274Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010159] [Server] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /usr/local/mysql/data/ is case insensitive 2019-01-20T05:50:21.143953Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: A_mBvrbnD0*r 2019-01-20T05:50:22.000946Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /Workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server has completed
ephemerid是我的用户名，改成自己的。
后面两个选项的含义，见后文MY-011011。
前面提到过，本人使用了软链接，所以控制台信息中看到的mysql实际的目录。
注意这个“A temporary password is generated for root@localhost”
5.启动
$ support-files/mysql.server start Starting MySQL . SUCCESS!
6.连接及修改初始密码
$ bin/mysql -uroot -pA_mBvrbnD0*r mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.13 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'pass123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> exit Bye
!!!平常输入密码的时候不要直接添加在-p选项后面了，会被看到的，一定要注意安全!!!
第一次登陆时，会提示需要重置密码：
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'pass123456';
7.停止服务
$ support-files/mysql.server stop Shutting down MySQL .. SUCCESS!
EORROR
The server quit without updating PID file
在未初始化，就启动时出现了：
$ sudo ./support-files/mysql.server start Password: Starting MySQL . ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/ephemerid.local.pid).
初始化一下，即上文提到的mysqld --initialize
MY-011011
在初始化时，没有找到有效的mysql目录以及mysql data目录。
$ sudo ./bin/mysqld --initaialize --user=ephemerid 2019-01-20T05:13:45.476844Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /Workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) starting as process 993 2019-01-20T05:13:45.480320Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010159] [Server] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /Workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/data/ is case insensitive 2019-01-20T05:13:45.487935Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-011011] [Server] Failed to find valid data directory. 2019-01-20T05:13:45.488090Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010020] [Server] Data Dictionary initialization failed. 2019-01-20T05:13:45.488119Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting 2019-01-20T05:13:45.488808Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /Workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.13) MySQL Community Server - GPL.
就是添加的两个选项，即上文提到的--basedir和--datadir
了解更多，参考：
- https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/data-directory-initialization-mysqld.html
以上。